LinearLayout, ConstraintLayout, GridLayout, TableLayout 등을 사용하실 수 있을 것 같구요. (아마 RelativeLayout도 가능할 듯)
ConstraintLayout을 사용할 경우, 아래처럼 하실 수 있습니다.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/frame2"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/frame3"
/>
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:background="#FF0000"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/frame1"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@id/frame1"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/frame1" />
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame3"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:background="#00FF00"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/frame4"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/frame1" />
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame4"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:background="#0000FF"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/frame3"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@id/frame3"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/frame3" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>